History of anesthesia
man has always tried to cope with the pain caused by any action on his body, too bad that the first anesthesia were used in the strict Only in recent times: "exhilarating gas" (from 1789), morphine (1805) and chloroform by 1831. The Roman scholar Celsus stated that the ideal surgeon tic "... be brave ... and act fast ...". Again in 1800 we quickly appreciated the surgeons, a virtuoso in this direction was Dominique-Jean Larrey during the Battle of Borodino in Russia, at the service of Napoleon's troops, he made two hundred amputations in twenty-four hours (about one every seven minutes). The ancient Egyptians already knew that the cold inhibits blood circulation, but for general anesthesia techniques adopted somewhat rudimentary strangulation until unconsciousness and "hit on the head." In addition to physical methods, even in times old were used opium, hashish or alcohol, for example, opium has been documented since 3500 BC by the Sumerians who used it to relieve toothache.
The church, unfortunately, after the fall of the Roman Empire banned every practice painkillers. The monks of Monte Cassino in the ninth century, however, had a recipe for a Spongia somnifera (soporific sponge), which once aspired to open. Surely it is the curious method of seamen in the sixteenth century, big cigars introduced into the rectum before undergoing surgery (massive absorption of nicotine that causes shock). The famous Swiss alchemist Paracelsus (also present in Ferrara), already in 1540 had managed to fall asleep hens with ether, the man had to wait until 1846 instead.
When Horace Wells, dentist, in 1844 used chloroform as an anesthetic was laughed at, and think that is still used today in the operating room.
Finally, in 1848 in Edinburgh for the first painless childbirth was used chloroform and the baby was born that another could not be called if no anesthesia!
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